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1编写一个C++程序，如下述输出示例所示的那样请求并显示信息：

What is your first name? Betty SueWhat is your last name? YeweWhat letter grade do you deserve? BWhat is your age? 22Name: Yewe, Betty SueGrade: CAge: 22

注意，该程序应该接受的名字包含多个单词。另外，程序将向下调整成绩，即向上调一个字母。假设用户请求A、B或C，所以不必担心D和F之间的空档。

#include "iostream"using namespace std;const int nsize = 20;struct student{
       char name[nsize];    char last_name[nsize];    char grade;    int age;};void display(student);int main(){
       cout << "what is your name? " ;    student dyg;    cin.getline(dyg.name, nsize);    cout << "what is your last_name? " ;    cin.getline(dyg.last_name, nsize);    cout << "what is your grade? ";    cin >> dyg.grade;    cout << "what is your age? " ;    cin >> dyg.age;    display(dyg);    return 0;}void display(student lz){
       cout << "name: " << lz.name <<"," << lz.last_name << endl;    cout << "grade: " << char(lz.grade + 1) << endl;    cout << "age: " << lz.age << endl;}

2，修改程序清单4.4，使用C++ string类而不是char数组。

//程序清单4.4：// instr2.cpp -- reading more than one word with getline#include 
   
    int main(){
       using namespace std;    const int ArSize = 20;    char name[ArSize];    char dessert[ArSize];    cout << "Enter your name:\n";    cin.getline(name, ArSize);  // reads through newline    cout << "Enter your favorite dessert:\n";    cin.getline(dessert, ArSize);    cout << "I have some delicious " << dessert;    cout << " for you, " << name << ".\n";    return 0; }
   

#include "iostream"#include "string"using namespace std;int main(){
       string name, dessert;    cout << "enter your name: "<< endl;    getline(cin, name);    cout << "enter your  favorite dessert: "<< endl;    getline(cin, dessert);    cout << "i have some delicious " << dessert;    cout << " for you,"<
   
    <
   

3，编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，然后输入其姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来，并存储和显示组合结果。请使用char数组和头文件cstring中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形：

Enter your first name: FlipEnter your last name: FlemingHere’s the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip

#include "iostream"#include "cstring"using namespace std;const int nsize = 20;int main(){
       char fname[nsize];    char lname[nsize];    char name[2*nsize+1];    cout << "enter your first name: ";    cin.getline(fname, nsize);    cout << "enter your last name: ";    cin.getline(lname, nsize);    strncpy(name, fname, nsize);    strcat(name, ",");    strncat(name,lname,nsize);    name[2*nsize] = '\0';    cout << "here's the information in a single string: " << name << endl;    return 0;}

4，编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，再输入其姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来，并存储和显示组合结果。请使用string对象和头文件string中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形：

Enter your first name: FlipEnter your last name: FlemingHere’s the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip

#include "iostream"#include "string"using namespace std;int main(){
       string fname, lname, add, fullname;    cout << "enter your first name: ";    getline(cin, fname);    cout << "enter your last name: ";    getline(cin, lname);    add = ",";    fullname = fname + add + lname;    cout << "here's the information in a single string: " << fullname << endl;    return 0;}

5，结构CandyBar包含3个成员。第一个成员存储了糖块的品牌；第二个成员存储糖块的重量（可以有小数）；第三个成员存储了糖块的卡路里含量（整数）。请编写一个程序，声明这个结构，创建一个名为snack的CandyBar变量，并将其成员分别初始化为“Mocha Munch”、2.3和350。初始化应在声明snack时进行。最后，程序显示snack变量的内容。

#include "iostream"using namespace std;const int asize = 20;struct candybar {
       char brand[asize];    double weight;    int calory;};int main(){
       candybar snack = {
   "Mocha Munch", 2.3, 350};    cout << "here's the information of snack:" << endl;    cout << "brand: " << snack.brand << endl;    cout << "weight: " << snack.weight << endl;    cout << "calory: " << snack.calory ;    return 0;}

6，结构CandyBar包含3个成员，如编程练习5所示。请编写一个程序，创建一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组，并将它们初始化为所选择的值，然后显示每个结构的内容。

#include "iostream"using namespace std;const int asize = 20;struct candybar {
       char brand[asize];    double weight;    int calory;};int main(){
       candybar snack[3] =    {
           {
   "A", 1.2, 3},        {
   "B", 4.5, 6},        {
   "C", 7.8, 9}    };    for (int i = 0; i < 3;i++)    {
           cout <<" brand:"<< snack[i].brand << endl             <<" weight:"<< snack[i].weight << endl             <<" calory:"<< snack[i].calory << endl<

7，William Wingate从事比萨饼分析服务。对于每个披萨饼，他都需要记录下列信息：

• 披萨饼公司的名称，可以有多个单词组成。
• 披萨饼的直径。
• 披萨饼的重量。

请设计一个能够存储这些信息的结构，并编写一个使用这种结构变量的程序。程序将请求用户输入上述信息，然后显示这些信息。请使用cin（或它的方法）和cout。

#include "iostream"#include "string"using namespace std;const int asize = 20;struct pizza{
       char company[asize];    double diameter;    double weight;};int main(){
       pizza pie;    cout << "what's the name of the pizza company?";    cin.getline(pie.company, asize);    cout << "what's the diameter of the pizza?";    cin >> pie.diameter;    cout << "what's the weight of the pizza?";    cin >> pie.weight;    cout << "company: " << pie.company << endl;    cout << "diameter: " << pie.diameter << endl;    cout << "weight: " << pie.weight << endl;    return 0;}

8，完成编程练习7，但使用new来为结构分配内存，而不是声明一个结构变量。另外，让程序在请求输入披萨饼公司名称之前输入披萨饼的直径。

#include "iostream"#include "string"using namespace std;const int asize = 20;struct pizza{
       char company[asize];    double diameter;    double weight;};int main(){
       pizza *pie = new pizza;    cout << "what's the diameter of pizza? ";    cin >> pie->diameter;    cin.get();    cout << "what's the name of the pizza company? ";    cin.get(pie->company, asize);    cout << "what's the weight of the pizza ? ";    cin >> pie->weight;    cout << "company: " << pie->company << endl;    cout << "diameter(inches): " << pie->diameter << endl;    cout << "weight(ounce): " << pie->weight << endl;    delete pie;    return 0;}

9，完成编程练习6，但使用new来动态分配数组，而不是声明一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组。

#include "iostream"#include "string"using namespace std;struct candybar{
       string brand;    double weight;    int calory;};int main(){
       candybar *snack = new candybar[3];    snack[0].brand = "A";    snack[0].weight = 1.1;    snack[0].calory = 600;    snack[1].brand = "C";    snack[1].weight = 6.9;    snack[1].calory = 900;    snack[2].brand = "X";    snack[2].weight = 12.6;    snack[2].calory = 1900;    for (int i = 0; i < 3;i++)    {
           cout << "brand: " << snack[i].brand << endl             << "weight: " << snack[i].weight << endl             << "calory: " << snack[i].calory << endl             << endl;    }    delete[] snack;    return 0;}

10，编写一个程序，让用户输入三次40码跑的成绩（如果您愿意，也可让用户输入40米跑的成绩），并显示次数和平均成绩。请使用一个array对象来存储数据（如果编译器不支持array类，请使用数组）。

#include "iostream"#include "array"using namespace std;int main(){
       array
   
     grade = {
   0};    cout << "输入三次40米跑成绩： " << endl;    cin >> grade[0] >> grade[1] >> grade[2] ;    cout << "成绩1: " << grade[0] << endl;    cout << "成绩2: " << grade[1] << endl;    cout << "成绩3: " << grade[2] << endl;    grade[3] = (grade[0] + grade[1] + grade[2]) / 3;    cout << "平均成绩："<
    
     << endl;    return 0;}
    
   

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